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In this article I like to take a look at the expressions provided by Nftables for matching IPsec-related network packets. The common situation is that you need to distinguish packets from normal traffic, which either have been received through a VPN tunnel and already have been decrypted or packets which are to be sent out on a VPN tunnel, but have not been encrypted yet. Those kind of packets can be matched by these expressions within packet filtering rules. I'll explain how these expressions work, what they use as back-end, what their limitations are and how you can use them to get your intended behavior. Further, I take a short glimpse at the Iptables equivalent of these expressions.

Bash completion is a functionality through which bash helps users type their commands faster and easier. It accomplishes that by presenting possible options when users press the tab key while typing a command.

As dark themes have become popular across the web and across operating systems, we might want to check the user’s operating system preference when they visit our website. This way, we can initialize our website accordingly after detecting their dark mode preference.